The Ideas behind China's Economy
Cao and Wang (2020) argue that China’s central government introduced the Tiao-Kuai 条块 – two parallel governance structures – to control conflicts arising between different state capacities by separately assigning conflicting capacities to different governance structures.
Huang and Zhou (2019) argue that due to the shift in urban local government’s policy imperatives from economic growth to social policy and social governance, the performance assessment of local officials has refocused itself on impression-based results. This translates itself into the emergence of a new competition mechanism – paired competition – between pairs of local governments and state agencies.
SinoEconomics